Top Research Papers on Procrastination

Personal routines (Wake-up Time and Dinner Time) along with individual characteristics (General and Academic Procrastination) and beliefs (perceived importance of sleep) may affect Bedtime Procrastinations.

The model of Kleinberg and Oren on time-inconsistent planning is extended, and the relative progress of the team members, with respect to their respective subtasks, motivates (or discourages) them to work harder, to model collaborative work.

Procrastination behavior in doing assignments or what is currently known in the world of education as academic procrastination, is a behavior that is very often done by some students. This procrastination itself has various impacts and can cause harm to students related to their academic life. This research will not only discuss the impact of procrastination but will also reveal what are the dangers of procrastination for students using the literature study research method. The results of this study show that procrastination can harm students from a physical, psychological, or emotional perspe...

One of the typical social problems of the 21st century - procrastination - is defined as irrational postponement of desired goals indefinitely, even when aware of the negative consequences of this delay (Lay, 1997). Although possible causes of procrastination have long been cited, such as irrational beliefs (Ellis, Knaus, 1977), low self-esteem, and fear of failure (Burka, Yuen, 1983), cognitive predictors of procrastination have not been studied holistically as a system. Moreover, it remains unclear which cognitive mechanisms are involved in different types of procrastination. This study seek...

Procrastination is prevalent and pernicious but not entirely understood, motivating this empirical and theoretical review. The review attempts to be exhaustive, drawing upon correlational, experimental, and qualitative findings. Summarizing 648 correlations, a meta-analysis of procrastination’s causes and effects reveals that neuroticism, rebelliousness, and sensationseeking show only a weak connection. Strong and consistent predictors of procrastination were task aversiveness, task delay, self-efficacy, impulsiveness, as well as conscientiousness and its facets of self-control, distractibilit...

INTRODUCTION. Academic procrastination is a widely extended phenomenon in education, especially among university students, which consists of deliberately putting off or completely avoiding an activity under one’s control. High levels of procrastination are related to poor academic performance and dropout intentions, as well as other psychological features such as impulsiveness, distractibility, depression and sensation-seeking, and a lack of self-control, of self-efficacy, of organization and of self-esteem. In Spain research on this topic is scarce and to date not a single validated and widel...

Abstract: In the educational context, procrastination is a widespread phenomenon that is detrimental to learning progress, but currently, there is little knowledge about procrastination in schools. In this study, we conducted a detailed investigation of procrastination in German schools at the upper secondary level. Of particular interest were the procrastination frequency and potential domain specificity of the construct. For this purpose, we analyzed data from 4,056 high school students (with an average age of 16.38 years) from 225 school classes. Overall, 78.2 % of the students reported tha...

Overview/Description Procrastination is rampant in today’s business world. Sure, it’s easy to blame others for your inability to get things done—demanding bosses, or coworkers who interrupt you for help. But be honest, how often is it your own fault? Are you simply putting off doing what will still be in your in-box tomorrow? Do you make statements such as: “I don’t have time to do it,” “It makes sense to do the smaller tasks first to get them out of the way,” “Once I get more energy, I can really focus on this.”? If so, there’s a strong possibility that you have fallen into the “Procrastinati...

Procrastination may be seen as the outcome of a learning history of delaying the onset of task execution and its completion, both in terms of time and effort. In this study, we examined the performance of 55 university students who carried out two writing tasks consisting of summarizing two academic papers, each within a different time slot (i.e., five vs. three days to complete). The two assignments were part of the class activity and were perceived by participants as homogeneous in terms of text appreciation and difficulty, therefore making the two conditions comparable. The Pure Procrastina...

Previous studies have established that there is a relationship between efficacy beliefs and procrastination. Theory and research on motivation suggest that visual imagery (the capacity to create vivid mental images) may be implicated in this relationship and in the general tendency to procrastinate. This study's aim was to build on prior work by examining the role of visual imagery, as well as roles of other specific personal and affective factors, in predicting academic procrastination. Self-efficacy for self regulatory behavior was observed to be the strongest predictor, predicting lower rat...

Happiness is the life goal of everyone, including students. But in fact, some student behavior is not in line with the effort to get happiness. Academic Procrastination is one of them. The Covid-19 pandemic, which requires learning to be carried out online, appears to have increased academic procrastination, although there is no definite data about it. This study aims to determine the impact of academic procrastination on Subjective Well-Being. The design of this research is literature review. Researchers conducted a literature search regarding the academic procrastination and subjective well-...

Abstract This study aimed to adapt and validate the Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS) and Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS) for Brazilian Portuguese. Therefore, 2666 university students were invited to participate in the study (M = 26.08; SD = 6.6; 77% female). The factorial structures were analyzed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The validity was investigated through Pearson’s correlations between the subscales of the Academic Procrastination Questionnaire ─ Negative Consequences and DASS-21. The reliability of the scales and their factors were evaluated through Cron...

TIME.09 Procrastination – Causes and Cures Causes of Procrastination 1. Acceptance of another’s goals or Lack of Relevance – if it is not yours, it is not likely to be important to you. 2. Perfectionism – Afraid to start something for fear it will not turn out perfectly. 3. Anxiety over what others think – Afraid others will think less of you when they see your finished product. 4. Fear of the unknown – Afraid to try something you never did before 5. Thinking you do not have the skills Causes 2 – 5 are fear based. The procrastinator would rather that others think he lacks effort than that he l...

Procrastination is letting the low-priority tasks get in the way of high-priority ones. It's socializing with colleagues when you know that important work project is due soon, watching TV instead of doing your household chores, or talking about superficial things with your partner rather than discussing your relationship concerns. CAUSES Like other habits, there are two general causes. The first is the " crooked thinking " we employ to justify our behavior. The second source is our behavioral patterns. A closer look at our crooked thinking reveals three major issues in delaying tactics-perfect...

Abstract We aimed to investigate the indirect effects of authoritarian parenting on academic procrastination through various dimensions of perfectionism, including concern over mistakes, doubts about one’s actions, high personal standards, and organisation. We conducted a survey of 743 college students in China to collect information on perceived authoritarian parenting, perfectionism, and academic procrastination. Social learning theory guided our exploration of whether perfectionism mediated the link between authoritarian parenting and academic procrastination. The results of structural equa...

Introduction. The relevance of the problem is accounted for by the need to overcome the process of procrastination in connection with the growing tendency towards a person’s decreasing activity in solving educational and professional tasks, as well as fadeout of people’s social activity. The psychological science has sufficiently explored the emotional and motivational factors of procrastination, has established its connection with the components of conscious regulation of efforts reflecting the infringement of subject’s activity. At the same time, there are practically no scholarly studies re...

This study presents an academic planning and time management app (Proccoli) and a study designed to understand the association between student procrastination modeling, in-app behaviors, and perceived performance with app evaluation, and shows a need for personalized self-regulation support in Proccoli.

The analysis shows that the publication of articles on academic procrastination has been rapidly increasing since 1993, and Personality and Individual Differences was the prolific and influential journal referring to the number of citations and articles it received.

Abstract: The Behavioral and Emotional Procrastination Scale ( Bobe et al., 2022 ) measures the general frequency of behavioral and emotional components of academic procrastination. We used a representatively stratified sample of students based on demographic data from the Federal Statistical Office (2021 ) to provide extended evidence for the scale’s reliability and validity of test score interpretation and generate normative values. Our quota sample consisted of 890 students. We addressed deviations from the population with weighting factors. We found evidence for the reliability of the subs...

This research examined the effects of metacognition on procrastination and also investigated how metacognition plays an integral role in the development of procrastination. The study also examines the moderating roles of metacognition and gender on procrastination. The sample was selected by using two-way cluster sampling, i.e., 254 students (74 males and 180 females) from the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Participants were given the Tuckman Procrastination Scale (Tuckman, 1991) and the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) (Wells & Cartwright Hatton, 2004). Results indicated that and me...

The Dark Triad personality traits have previously been linked with dysfunctional types of procrastination (i.e., delaying of certain tasks). From an evolutionary perspective, procrastination is recognised for facilitating a fast life history strategy. In the present study we investigated links between active and passive procrastination and the extended Dark Tetrad personality traits (psychopathy, Machiavellianism, narcissism, sadism). Participants ( N = 357) were invited via Prolific data collection platform and Survey Circle research sites to participate in an online survey exploring personal...

Na akademsko odgađanje vecina autora gleda kao na iskljucivo negativan fenomen, no Chu i Choi (2005) uvode podjelu na pasivno i aktivno odgađanje. Pasivni odgađaci nemaju namjeru odgađanja, no ipak cesto odgađaju zadatke i obaveze jer nisu sposobni djelovati u skladu sa svojim odlukama. S druge strane, aktivni odgađaci namjerno odgađaju rjesavanje obaveza i usmjeravaju pažnju na druge važne aktivnosti te mogu djelovati u skladu sa svojim odlukama. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je provjeriti faktorsku strukturu Upitnika aktivnog odgađanja te utvrditi postoji li razlika između aktivnog i pasivnog a...

As postponing action strategy, for the last moment the procrastination is one of the factors causing the problems in study. The objective of the study is identification of links between indicators of academic procrastination, stressors, responses to stressors and academic achievements. The research was implemented on the base of sample which amounted 435 from 17 to 25 years old (М age = 19,03). The comparative procrastination analysis among groups of students with different levels of academic performance has shown that student with low level of achievement are inclined to more often suffer fro...

Research over the past two decades has continued to highlight the robust associations between procrastination and stress across multiple populations and contexts. Despite this burgeoning evidence base and theory linking procrastination to higher levels of stress, as well as the reverse, the role of context in this potentially dynamic association has received relatively little attention. In this conceptual review I argue that from a mood regulation perspective of procrastination, stressful contexts necessarily increase risk for procrastination because they deplete coping resources and lower the...

Procrastination, the act or tendency of putting things off that should be done today until tomorrow, has recently become a field of interest in the study of academic underachievement. In constructing tests for the measurement of procrastination, and in comparing test scores with self‐attributions of reasons for procrastination, an unexpected discrepancy has been observed between fear of failure as a prominent reason for procrastination and test fear of failure being unrelated to procrastination. This study was meant to clarify this discrepancy. Students who procrastinate generally endorse many...

Introducing a novel domain in which procrastinators experience problems, bedtime procrastination appears to be a prevalent and relevant issue that is associated with getting insufficient sleep.

Aiki, a simple browser extension designed to redirect a user to a learning platform for a fixed amount of time before accessing websites defined as ’procrastination’ or ’time-wasting’ websites, is presented and evaluated.

Both test anxiety and the tendency to procrastinate were present among undergraduate and postgraduate physiotherapy students, in varying degrees, and there was a positive correlation between the two factors.

Procrastination is a self‐regulatory failure, whose costs are debated. Here, we establish its impact in the workplace. Using an Internet sample, we assessed 22,053 individuals in terms of their sex, employment status, employment duration, income, occupational attainment and level of procrastination. High levels of procrastination is associated with lower salaries, shorter durations of employment, and a greater likelihood of being unemployed or under employed rather than working full‐time. Also, procrastination partially mediates sex's relationship with these work variables. Women tend to procr...

Abstract. The short form of the General Procrastination Scale (GPS-K; Klingsieck & Fries, 2012 ; Lay, 1986 ) is a reliable self-report scale measuring general procrastination. The presumed one-dimensional factor structure of the scale, however, has never been examined. Thus, the purposes of this representative study were to examine its dimensionality and factorial invariance across age and sex, and to provide norm values of the German general population. The GPS-K was administered to a representative community sample ( N = 2,527; age range 14–95 years). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was...

Procrastination is defined as postponing a task, anticipating adverse consequences in the future. In contrast, D. A. Rosenbaum and colleagues introduced the concept of “precrastination” in 2014, defining it as people doing a task early even when involving physical cost because they desire to minimize their cognitive load. This study aimed to organize and expand the new concept and advance understanding of precrastination in everyday situations and of the associations between precrastination and self‐control. Using the scenario assumption method, we examined whether people would precrastinate o...

Abstract; Academic procrastination is an individual's deliberate delay in starting, working on, and completing academic tasks. Procrastination is caused by finding it difficult to do tasks, when given a task load, a procrastinator tends to delay and prefer to do things he likes. This article aims to examine the handling of academic procrastination. The research method used study of literature on how to overcome academic procrastination from relevant sources. The data collection technique collect several previous studies and then analyze and conclude them conclusion is obtained regarding the pr...

Understanding the structure of time preferences allows for accurate predictions of the effects of changing intertemporal incentives. Behavioral models of present bias are used to rationalize field data seemingly at odds with exponential discounting, leveraging additional degrees of freedom to improve in-sample fit. Largely lacking to date are the critical out-of-sample tests necessary to ensure predictive accuracy. This paper contrasts exponential discounting with present-biased procrastination for around 22,000 tax filers, advancing the literature in this domain by providing novel out-of-sa...

Most studies tend to report that academic procrastination (AP) was caused by students’ internal factors, such as educational self-efficacy, perfectionism, fear of failure, expectancy value belief (perception of the task value), or classroom engagement. Nevertheless, some studies in the past have reported that students’ perception of their educators’ expectancy has significantly predicted their educational efficacy, fear of failure, and perception of the task value. Therefore, we hypothesized that students’ perception of educators’ expectancy predicted the students’ AP, fully mediated by educat...

Procrastination is a long-term puzzle for everyone, which is deeply rooted in our life, and it could be affecting our normal life. This paper will discover how Neuroscience, a recent trend in the field of Science, could play a role in minimalizing procrastination. It is set to reveal the inside structure of the human brain and discover what organs are important to understand the mystery of procrastination. Specifically, this paper will introduce the contrasting features of the prefrontal cortex and limbic system, and it will guide us to understand how different parts of the brain could act aga...

_____________________ Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Safia Afzal, Alumni, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-Pakistan. Email: [email protected] Humaira Jami, PhD, Assistant Professor, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-iAzam University, Islamabad-Pakistan. Email: [email protected] Prevalence of Academic Procrastination and Reasons for Academic Procrastination in University Students

Academic procrastination is a persistent behavior in students’ academic development consisting of postponing or delaying the completion of necessary tasks and having a deadline for completion, which is associated with detriment in performance, school dropout, and loss of student well-being. The largest body of existing knowledge on this behavior comes from studies conducted with university students, although it is necessary to deepen the findings obtained at lower educational levels. The aim of this work has been to carry out a scoping review of the empirical publications focused on academic p...

Utilizing previous work in personality theory, implicit theory of intelligence, goal orientation, and self-efficacy theory, we conducted this exploratory study to identify predictors of general procrastination tendencies among undergraduates. We analyzed a sample of 267 undergraduate students from introductory psychology courses at a public rural university. A standard multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics was performed on 16 psychological variables and 1 behavioral variable to identify presence of predictive influence on the dependent variable of procrastination as measured b...

COPYRIGHT © 2023 Yan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Taking a paradoxical perspective on bedtime procrastination

The present research intended to examine the outcomes of active and passive procrastination among Pakistani educated adolescents via online data collection. To meet the objective measures concerning active and passive procrastination (Aziz & Tariq, 2013; Choi & Moran, 2009; Chu & Choi, 2005), depression, anxiety, stress (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), and life satisfaction (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985) were uploaded on a website in English and Urdu. Overall 223 educated Pakistani adolescent participated via online in the study (M = 19 years, SD = 5.19; age range 13-21 years). The prel...

Results showed that more Bedtime Procrastination was related to later waking time and later dinnertime hours, whereas more While-in-Bed Procrastinations was linked to being male, later desired time to sleep, and earlier dinnerime hour.

Inheritance is the principle that deontic ‘ought’ is closed under entailment. This paper is about a tension that arises in connection with Inheritance. More specifically, it is about two observations that pull in opposite directions. One of them raises questions about the validity of Inheritance, while the other appears to provide strong support for it. We argue that existing approaches to deontic modals fail to provide us with an adequate resolution of this tension. In response, we develop a positive analysis, and show that this proposal provides a satisfying account of our intuitions.

OBJECTIVES Procrastination is an almost universal behaviour and yet little research to date has focused on procrastination among older adults. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential association between age and procrastination, and the potential mediating roles of depressive symptomatology and loneliness. METHOD Structural equation modelling was applied to data from 1309 participants (aged 29-92) from two waves United States Health and Retirement Study (2016-2020). Within the model, sex, education, marital status, and job status were added as covariates. RESULTS There was no...

   Procrastination is one of the most researched and polemized topics of interest to domestic and foreign scientists due to its widespread prevalence among students and adults. The authors agree that syste matic violation of deadlines for necessary tasks completion causes subjective discomfort, but this behavior is regularly manifested in ordinary life, becoming “chronic” in nature.   The purpose of the study is to analyze the phenomenon of procrastination.   The work was based on the theoretical analysis of literature, generalization, empirical research results interpretation, conducted on th...

The article discusses the results of an empirical study on the influence of certain traits of HEXACO personality, as well as coping strategies, reflection, and emotional patterns on procrastination behavior. The study aims to test hypotheses about the differences in the severity of these characteristics among individuals with varying levels of procrastination, as well as to identify predictors of procrastination within these characteristics. The authors found out that quasi­reflection and a lack of emotional control (positive predictors) as well as conscientiousness and planning (negative pred...

Research over the past decades has shown that procrastination is an instance of self-regulation failure with deleterious consequences. Surprisingly, Chu and Choi (2005) have coined a construct called active procrastination emphasizing that procrastination can lead to positive outcomes despite the deferral of tasks on purpose until the last minute. The present study examined the construct validity of active procrastination. Using important antecedents (e.g., self-regulation, intention-action gap), correlates (e.g., self-efficacy beliefs, conscientiousness) and related outcomes of procrastinatio...

A simple generic tool that combines Pomodoro technique, Gamification and Leaderboard to avoid or stop procrastinating of an employee is proposed.

Abstract We experimentally study strategic procrastination in a dynamic team environment. Two team members work for a finite number of periods on a joint project. The project’s success probability depends on the effort provided by both group members. Payment is conditional on finishing the project successfully. Between treatments, we vary whether both agents are free to choose their effort level or only a single agent can do so. If only one agent can choose effort, the effort of the other member is exogenously fixed; either to providing effort only shortly before the deadline or to providing e...

High school and undergraduate students claimed to be nearly always or always procrastinator on studying for exams, while graduate students procrastinate more on writing term papers.

Procrastination is a phenomenon that affects university students and consists of not finishing a task or finishing it late, which has a direct impact on their academic performance. This is relevant because, in a context of high competition, higher education institutions and their decision-makers need to be aware of the factors that influence university students’ procrastination in order to implement actions that favor student attraction and retention. Based on the above, this research aims to propose a theoretical model of procrastination in university students, based on the literature review ...